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Warrior Walking: Roman Centurions & Speed Across the Board by Mark Hatmaker

 




The following is best viewed as a companion piece to the following offerings:

·        Warrior Walking, the Only Cardio You Need for Combination Fighting, Physical Culture and Attacking the Outdoors

·        Burn Some Fat, Build Some Stamina, See the World!

·        The Rocky Mountain Iron Man: A Portrait in Warrior Walking

·        Warrior Walking: Cardio, Fat Loss, Problem-Solver, Relationship Binder, Escape Protocol & More

·        The Original Roadwork

Walking, when performed correctly, has copious endurance records.

That is, account upon account of astonishing distances travelled.

Be these records scrupulously observed and sanctioned by various organizations or anecdotal accounts of tremendous distances covered in remarkable time by warriors, explorers of the past and present.

For some, these endurance feats raise few “Huzzahs!” in present day society as the fashion for speedier endeavors has overtaken the “exercise” fashion of the moment we live in.

In former times, endurance walkers, be they Apache “lopers” or practitioners of the sport called pedestrianism were held in awe.

Today, it seems, many require the other extreme—that of speed—to attract notice.

With that in mind, let us look to the record for instances where both speed AND distance were exhibited in remarkable capacity.

In viewing these feats, we will…

·        Look only at official records so we can be sure that no subjective legend has intruded.

·        With that said, many of the feats of Indian “runners” [actually walkers] were recorded by military men [US Cavalry] who were making official reports—men not subject to exaggeration. But since these were not sporting records we will leave them out for now. We can discuss these another day.

·        We will only look at records pre-1910.

·        Why that date cut-off?

·        Prior to 1910 we are closer to the form of walking we call Warrior Walking—with all its gliding, posterior extension, pendulum relaxation, psoas as slingshot and other mechanics at work.

·        After that date, more of the “new” style of walking—what we now think of as Olympic Racewalking begins to intrude.

·        Racewalking has more anterior stride extension [anathema to Warrior Walking,] increased contralateral swing amplitude [likewise anathema,] allows for Trendelenburg hip shift [another no-no,] and an increase in impact forces.

·        The pre-1910 view allows us to keep our eye on the true Old School way rather than blending in the technique that we see today when we see racewalkers or fitness walkers.

Step, Stride & Pace

A few definitions.

Step: What we all do when we put one foot in front of the other.

Stride: An educated step. A step with tactical and technical deliberation. Not what most of us do.

Pace: The rate at which we step or stride, that is, our walking speed.

Contemporary Average Walking Speeds

The following material is taken from a 2020 study titled Walkability Index for Elderly Health: A Proposal by Fernando B. Alves, Sara Santos Cruz, Anabela Ribeiro, Ana Bastos Silva, João Pedro Martins, and Inês Cunha.

It gives a view of average walking speeds over a lifetime—notice how they decline.

Also note, the study only addressed speed, not the likewise decline in the amount of walking done.

[BTW-Many of the Warrior Walking feats recorded in the 18th century were by men and women in their 60s and above. Some in their 80s and 90s.]

Age             MPH

Below 30     3

30-39          2.8

40-49          2.8

50-59          2.75

60-65          2.7

65-70           2.1

[No data for 70 and above but, we do see a trend here. An all-time high below the age of 30 walking at 3 MPH.]

The study authors note the benefits of regular walking, even at low-rates as being:

  • improved circulation
  • increased life expectancy
  • improved mood
  • strengthen muscles
  • weight loss or maintenance
  • joint support
  • increased bone density
  • improved sleep
  • decreased Alzheimer’s risk and decreased mental decline
  • improved breathing
  • increased stamina

In the Warrior Walking material we echo these benefits plus a few others that are specific to the Warrior Walking manner. These additional benefits are not insignificant.

Step-Stride-Pace Confusion, Part 1

The average step length of the so-called average man is an assumed 30 inches.

This can become more granular to get to a point about walking mechanics.

When man began quantifying the everdayness that is walking, one of the first measurements to fall under the microscope, so to speak, was step-length.

In the Roman Army, a pace was defined as a unit of length. It was the distance that could be taken with two normal steps—this equaled 5 Roman feet, or 58.2 inches.

Thusly we can figure that a single Roman step was 29.1 inches. [Not far from the assumed 30” step we opened with.]

The average Roman soldier height comes to 66.14 inches or around 5’5”.

It was figured that the ratio of a Roman soldier’s step to his height was 29.1/66.14, or 44%.

Average heights have increased since the days of the Roman Army so we can assume that step-length would increase as well.

But, there is actually a complicating factor in trying to use the Roman calculation of height to step.

We now know that leg-length, on average, increases at a faster rate than does overall height.

With this in mind we may wind up with purported leg to height length disparities that render mere overall height as a single factor in stride useless.

Let alone the fact that in Warrior Walking stride length is NOT the primary driver of increased speed or endurance.

As a matter of fact, extending the stride in an assumption that it will increase speed or distance traveled is the opposite of the Warrior Walkers approach.

Which brings us to…

Pace/Rate-of-Turnover

You’re likely ahead of me here, the gains in speed and chewing up long-distances are NEVER acquired via lengthening step or stride—always by rate of turnover, that is, increasing pace rate.

If we are walking at the Below 30 Years of Age speed of an assumed 3.5 MPH and we are of average height, we are looking at a pace of 120.

That is one step per ½ second to achieve that 3.5 MPH for covering a mile in 17 minutes and 8 seconds.

Turnover is key.

But…

Pace/Turnover is not increased via increased activation of the hip-flexors or quadriceps to the anterior portion of the stride. Recall stride-length is not the way.

Nor is it fired by additional gastrocnemius [calf] engagement out of the posterior portion of the stride. This would cut off the active/relaxation yin-yang of the stride.

It would call for too much work and thus not contribute to the ability to sustain high speed over long distance.

Warrior Walking mechanics are mighty different from the manner of walking we do every day.

Subtle, but decidedly different.

Now, let’s keep the average walking pace per age group in mind as outlined in the 2020 study.

Also keep in mind all the other tips we’ve discussed or alluded to.

Now, let’s how a look at some of those pre-1910 records.

Distance in Miles  Time           MPH          Athlete

¼                          1:22:5          10.91          F.H. Creamer

½                          2:59            10.06          G.H. Goulding

1                           6:18.3          9.52            Ronald L. Zinn

2                           13:02.4       9.22            S.F. Vickers

3                           20:49.8       8.64            G.H. Goulding

4                           28:06.2       8.54            Ibid

5                           35:48.4       8.38            Ugo Frigerio

6                           43:09.8       8.34            Ibid

7                           48:23:0       8.68            K.J. Matthews

8                           58:15:8       8.24            Ronald O. Laird

9                           1:05:45.6    8.21            Ibid

10                         1:13:17.6    8.19            Ibid

20                         2:28:37       7.57            R. Hardy

30                         4:00:46.8    7.47            G. Klimov

52                         8:11:14       6.35            H.V.L. Ross

100                       18:04:10.2   5.53            T.E. Hammond

 

131                       23:57:10     5.47            Ibid

 

The 100-Yard Dash

Usain Bolt ran the 100-Yard Dash in 9.14.

Dr. Harry Klink Warrior Walked the 100-Yards in 12.3 which is a speed of 16.23 MPH over this short haul.

I repeat, he walked the same distance and came in at a time that most people over 40 would be pleased to have run it in.

BTW-Dr. Klink was 68 years-old at the time he set this record.

Warrior Walking, the Original Roadwork is not the same breed of cat we all think of as fitness walking or “getting your steps in.”

This is a wildcat of a method.

To start putting one foot in front of another with the efficient and mighty unusual technique used by Old Schoolers, to garner all the benefits set forth here see Unleaded: Warrior Walking, the Only Cardio You Need for Combination Fighting, Physical Culture and Attacking the Outdoors

Mull these further resources, Warriors!

The Black Box Warehouse

The Rough ‘n’ Tumble Raconteur Podcast

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